Cryptojacking

Cryptojacking is a threat that implants itself within a mobile device or computer and then employs measures to mine cryptocurrency. Cryptocurrency is virtual or digital money, which adopts the form of coins or tokens. The most prominent example is Bitcoin, however, there are around 3,000 other types of cryptocurrency. While certain cryptocurrencies have moved into the physical world via credit cards and the like, the majority remain virtual. Cryptocurrencies operate using a distributed database called a blockchain. The blockchain is updated regularly with information about the transactions that have occurred since the previous update. Every set of recent transactions is merged into a “block” as determined through a complex mathematical process.

Malicious mining is less destructive than other cyber threats such as ransomware, but this doesn’t mean that it is something to dismiss. Cryptojacking attacks might result in both indirect and direct losses for an organization. In the end, the targets are the ones who must pay for the computing power. Besides a noticeable increase in electrical consumption, mining contributes to the aging of hardware by overworking processing cores, including cores belonging to discrete graphics cards, to enable malicious extraction of cryptocurrency. These costs are compounded because cryptojacking attacks tend to go undetected for several months, and it is often difficult to determine their true cost.

Research suggests that after maliciously mining cryptocurrency for two consecutive days using mobile mining malware, the batteries of the infected devices may begin to expand to the point where the affected phones are physically deformed.

This wasted bandwidth also decreases the efficiency and speed of genuine computing workloads. Many organizations have experienced situations where computers stop because a program consumes all the available resources. Although there are several legitimate reasons for this, including resource-intensive background tasks or automatic updates, malicious mining should not be included.

When cryptojacking malware overwhelms a system, it can result in severe performance issues, which will have an immediate impact on your customers and end-users. If, for instance, a healthcare provider is a victim, staff could be unable to access critical patient health data. Attacks have also targeted essential infrastructure, such as a European water company. Cryptojacking could at first appear to be a simple hack, but the cybercriminal who carries out such attacks may be more dangerous than an opportunistic parasite. As with ransomware, crypto-jacking could be used as a decoy to detract attraction from more serious threats. Attacks could also be combined with fake antivirus software to assail victims with ads stating that they must pay to have their devices cleaned. This is a troubling blend of ransomware and malicious mining. Attacks could appear to be financially motivated, but the true aim of using crypto-jacking malware could be to overload infected systems and cause physical damage.

Cryptojacking Attacks Work

Hackers have two key strategies to get a target computer to secretly mine cryptocurrencies, and may use a combination of both strategies:

Download 

one way is to persuade victims to load cryptomining code onto their devices. This is achieved through social-engineering methods like phishing, where the victims get an email that looks legitimate and encourages them to activate a link. The link runs a malicious code, which adds the cryptomining script to the device. The script then runs in the background while the targeted individual works.

Injection 

the other strategy is to inject a script into an ad or website, which is distributed to multiple websites. Once the victim views the website or the infected ad appears on their browser, the script is executed automatically. The victim’s computer does not store any code. In both strategies, the code executes complex mathematical problems on the target computer and passes the results to a server controlled by the hacker.

Hybrid 

attackers may combine the two strategies to maximize their gains. For instance, out of hundreds of devices mining cryptocurrencies for an attacker, 10% could be receiving income from code on the target machines, while 90% do so via their web browsers.

Crypto miners spread

Certain cryptomining scripts have worming abilities that let them infect other servers and devices on a target network. This also makes them difficult to isolate and remove—maintaining persistence on a network is in the best financial interest of crypto jacking.

To maximize their capacity to spread across a network, cryptomining code could include multiple versions that leverage weaknesses in different network protocols. In some cases, the cryptomining code downloads multiple versions and tries to execute them, until one is successful.

Detect Cryptojacking

Cryptojacking attempts are often masked as standard, normal behavior. This makes this malicious activity difficult to detect – but not impossible. Here are several methods you can use to detect cryptojacking:

Decreased performance 

cryptojacking causes decreased performance on computing devices. You should watch out for slower system performance, as well as devices that run slowly, crash, or exhibit unusually poor performance. Another indicator is a battery that drains more quickly than it usually would.

Overheating cryptojacking 

this term refers to a resource-intensive process that may cause a computing device to overheat. Overheating cryptojacking may cause damage to your computers or shorten the lifespan of the device. A fan that runs faster than usual may indicate that a cryptojacking website or script is overheating the device. The fan, in this scenario, is running excessively in order to prevent fire or melting.

Central processing unit (CPU) usage 

if you browse a site with little or no media content, an increase in CPU usage may indicate that there are cryptojacking scripts running. You can run a cryptojacking test by checking the central processing unit (CPU) usage of the device. You can check this by using either the Task Manager or Activity Monitor. However, this might not yield complete results, because processes can hide or mask themselves as something that looks legitimate. Additionally, a computer running at maximum capacity runs very slowly – this can make troubleshooting more difficult.

Cryptojacking Prevention

Although it is hard to discover if your computer system has been compromised by crypto-jacking, there are some measures you can take to prevent these attacks and protect your networking systems and computer, as well as your crypto-assets:

Instruct your IT team

IT staff should be trained to detect and understand cryptojacking. They must be aware of any initial signs of an attack and be prepared to respond immediately with a further investigation.

Educate your employees

T teams rely on employees informing them when computers are overheating or running slowly. Employees must have an understanding of cyber security and know to avoid clicking on links in emails that may contain crypto-jacking code and only download from known links.

Use anti-cryptomining extensions

cryptojacking scripts are generally deployed in web browsers. Use browser extensions, including No Coin, minerBlock, and Anti Minder, to block crypto miners across the web.

Use ad-blockers

cryptojacking scripts are often embedded in web ads. Use an ad-blocker to block and detect malicious customizing code.

Disable JavaScript

when surfing online, disable JavaScript to prevent cryptojacking code from infecting your organization’s computers. Remember that disabling JavaScript will also block some of the functions you require when browsing.

Form jacking

Formjacking involves using malicious JavaScript code to steal personal and financial information from website forms. Cybercriminals attack the form page itself, then each time someone fills out a form, a duplicate of the entered information is sent to the attacker.

Formjacking can be thought of as new-age card-skimming. You’ve probably heard about the scenario in which a small device — known as a skimmer — is added by criminals to card readers at a point of sale. This device can read and store information from the card’s magnetic strip. Heavily targeted card readers include those at ATMs and gas pumps. These are easily accessible compared to, for example, a card reader located alongside an in-store cash register. Formjacking follows a similar concept to card skimming but has been adapted to the online world. This makes the practice more far-reaching than skimming and easily accessible to cybercriminals across the globe. Formjacking is relatively simple to execute, another likely reason it’s becoming increasingly attractive to data thieves. An attack begins when they insert JavaScript code into the target website. Note that it usually takes the form of a supply chain attack and targets code provided by a third party, not the website itself.

Once the malicious code is in place, when the user enters their information and sends the form to the website, all details are also sent to the attacker. The user hits “Submit” or the equivalent, the transaction goes through as normal so there’s no sign that anything is awry. This is why it’s difficult for either the user or the website owner to detect form jacking until it’s too late.

Examples of form jacking

Sixth June: In October 2019, it was discovered that the checkout page of this fashion retailer’s website had been formjacked. It’s unclear how many customers were affected but it was believed to have been in the thousands.

Ticketmaster: Between September 2017 and June 2018, up to 40,000 Ticketmaster customers fell victim to a form jacking attack. The fault was laid on Inbenta, a chat support tool that had created code for Ticketmaster’s site. The attack was only discovered when an online banking platform, Monzo, discovered that some of its customers’ cards had been compromised.

British Airways: In September 2018, British Airways apologized after 380,000 customers had their card details stolen in a form jacking attack. The attack took place over two weeks and the thieves stole all the information they needed to make an online purchase with the credit card details, including names, addresses, card numbers, expiry dates, and security codes.

Newegg: Online retailer Newegg was the subject of a month-long form jacking attack in August and September 2018. The attack appeared to be almost identical to the British Airways and Ticketmaster cases.

Prevent from jacking

Many of us complete online transactions on a daily basis without a second thought, assuming the websites we’re using are secure and have our backs when it comes to protecting our information. Thankfully, there are a couple of ways we can have a bit more control over the security of our payment information.

One is to consider using a masked credit card. These cards, offered by certain financial institutions, provide you with a set of card details for one-time use, either online or in a store. Once the details have been used, they are no longer valid for future purchases. Masked credit cards are often misleadingly referred to as “fake” credit cards, but they are legitimate forms of payment.

Another option is to look into payment methods that use tokenization. This is another way to add an extra layer of security to credit card payments and is used by systems like Apple Pay and Google Pay. The concept is similar to a masked credit card and a “token” is used to replace the real credit card number.

Businesses can prevent form jacking

Use solid antivirus software: A reputable antivirus software can help protect against some (but not all) form jacking attacks.

Run penetration tests and vulnerability scans: These can help identify software vulnerabilities so you can patch them before a hacker finds them.

Rigorously test updates: It’s important to test new updates for any odd behavior. The most prominent form of Jacking attacks have been software supply chain attacks, so it’s crucial to have strict testing in place for any third-party software.

Monitor for behavioral pattern changes: Proper monitoring of a system may help you spot suspicious patterns and block offending applications before more damage is done.

Backdoors Attack

What is a backdoor

A backdoor is a malware type that negates normal authentication procedures to access a system. As a result, remote access is granted to resources within an application, such as databases and file servers, giving perpetrators the ability to remotely issue system commands and update malware. Backdoor installation is achieved by taking advantage of vulnerable components in a web application. Once installed, detection is difficult as files tend to be highly obfuscated.

Webserver backdoors are used for a number of malicious activities, including:

• Data theft
• Website defacing
• Server hijacking
• The launching of distributed denial of services  (DDoS) attacks
• Infecting website visitors (watering hole attacks)
• Advanced persistent threat (APT) assaults
• 
  
• 
  
• Backdoor trojan installation
• The most prevalent backdoor installation method involves remote file inclusion  (RFI), an attack vector that exploits vulnerabilities within applications that dynamically reference external scripts. In an RFI scenario, the referencing function is tricked into downloading a backdoor trojan from a remote host.

Perpetrators typically identify targets using scanners, which locate websites having unpatched or outdated components that enable file injection. A successful scanner then abuses the vulnerability to install the backdoor on the underlying server. Once installed, it can be accessed at any time, even if the vulnerability enabling its injection has since been patched. The backdoor trojan injection is often done in a two-step process to bypass security rules preventing the upload of files above a certain size. The first phase involves the installation of a dropper—a small file whose sole function is to retrieve a bigger file from a remote location. It initiates the second phase—the downloading and installation of the backdoor script on the server.

Backdoor shell removal

Once installed, backdoors are very hard to weed out. Traditionally, detection involves using software scanners to search for known malware signatures in a server file system. This process is error-prone, however. Backdoor shell files are almost always masked through the use of alias names and—more significantly—code obfuscation (sometimes even multi-layer of encryption).

Detection is further complicated since many applications are built on external frameworks that use third-party plugins; these are sometimes laden with vulnerabilities or built-in backdoors. Scanners that rely on heuristic and signature-based rules might not be able to detect hidden code in such frameworks. Even if a backdoor is detected, typical mitigation methods (or even a system reinstallation) are unlikely to remove it from an application. This is particularly true for backdoors having a persistent presence in rewritable memory.

At Imperva, we use a combination of methods to prevent backdoor installation, as well as to detect and quarantine existing backdoor shells.

On one hand, the Imperva cloud web application firewall (WAF) uses a combination of default and user-defined security rules to prevent RFI attacks from compromising your application. The WAF is deployed as a secure proxy at the edge of your network, ensuring that malicious requests are blocked before they’re able to interact with your application. As a result, your site is secured from the moment you onboard our service. If your web server was already compromised before onboarding, the Imperva backdoor protection solution lets you detect and remove shells from your file system. The solution takes the novel approach of intercepting connection requests to malicious shells—a preferable alternative to scanning a server for backdoor files. Unlike backdoor files, which are easily hidden, connection requests cannot be obfuscated to hide their malicious intent.

Gaming’s Shift from Web 2.0 to Web 3.0 G-Link Mobile Blockchain

Traditional gaming is a large but plateauing industry, plagued by legacy problems — in contrast, blockchain gaming is a sunrise industry with exponential growth potential. The number of daily Unique Active Wallets (UAW) interacting with game-related smart contracts shot to 1.3 million as of the end of 2021, up from 28,000 as of end 2020, representing a 4642% year-on-year rapid increase in adoption. The traditional gaming industry is estimated to have around 3.2 billion gamers globally. Still, blockchain gaming has only captured approximately 0.04% of the available players who generated US$178.37 billion in traditional gaming revenue in 2021.

Web 3.0 gaming

G-Link is designed to be the Web 3.0 games ‘app store’, ideally positioned to give the global 2.7 billion traditional mobile gamers a smooth and enjoyable experience in blockchain gaming. G-Link makes it hassle-free to begin playing games on the blockchain, by offering a familiar and simple Web 2.0 account registration to get started. Connecting gamers, game developers, and investors, G-Link will be the go-to platform for Web 2.0 users who want the best of both webs — earning while playing fun casual to mid-core games.

To start it off, G-Link will be publishing 4 P2E mobile games in 2022: Racetrack game Kartopia; strategy-based collectible card game Card Master; simulation kingdom-building game SPE Colony; arcade game Coin Fishing Frenzy. On top of that, G-Link is in talks with over 10 studios to bring a diverse range of games to the platform. With an ever-expanding gameverse where mobile gamers will be spoilt for choice, the G-Link platform is built for flexibly exploring new games. The comprehensive platform includes features designed to address Web 3.0 gaming’s most prevalent and fundamental problems. Specifically, the GLINK platform token enables higher throughput and lower gas fees, which are critical infrastructures for improving the element of interactivity in gameplay mechanics. GLINK also provides cross-chain and cross-game liquidity, such that gamers can easily switch between games and securely exchange assets. Meanwhile, the GameFi incubator and NFT marketplace support smaller game developers with funding and resources, thereby encouraging open innovation.

Investors can reap passive returns from the sunrise blockchain gaming industry without being a gamer themselves, through several avenues on G-Link’s platform. This includes holding G-Link’s Chief Toad NFTs, GLINK tokens, staking, becoming a virtual landlord, and backing projects via the incubator. GLINK holders can earn up to a higher APR of 1.8-200% with locked staking of 3 different durations, or retain liquidity with the flexible staking option to earn up to 1-2.8% APR.

G-Link’s platform

Being the genesis collection, Chief Toad NFT holders are given VIP membership access into G-Link’s gameverse platform. The utilities of Chief Toad include the privilege to create guilds in the gameverse, gain early access to games in beta and sales of virtual land, higher in-game earnings, and priority access to the GLINK token IDO whitelist. Those who want to get in early to the G-Link platform should mint their own Chief Toad. The Chief Toad NFT collection’s mint date falls from 5-7 July 2022. A total supply of 10,000 is available, at 0.08-0.1ETH.

G-Link’s IDO

G-Link’s Initial DEX Offering (IDO) for its platform GLINK token will be happening in August 2022. The GLINK token has a total supply of 1 billion tokens and uses the ERC-20 standard.

All transactions on G-Link’s platform will be facilitated by the GLINK token:

* GSwap – Seamlessly trade between in-game currencies

* Provide seed investment to back your dream game

* DAO voting rights

* Staking in the liquidity pool

* Purchase of in-game assets, NFTs, and virtual lands

Chief Toad NFT owners will have advantages in the form of a higher percentage of airdrops and guaranteed whitelists for the GLINK token pre-sale.

G-Link is building the ecosystem that links the gaming community of gamers, game developers, and investors. With the GLINK token enabling a gameverse of fun blockchain games, games incubator, NFT marketplace, and the GSwap trading network, G-Link aims to bring Web 2.0 users to Web 3.0, through mobile gaming.

SE Ranking

What is SE Ranking?

SE Ranking is a single, tool-packed platform that enables you to perform all of the integral SEO tasks like keyword research, competitive analysis, rank tracking, website audit, backlink check, and much more. SE Ranking offers solutions for entrepreneurs, SMBs, and digital agencies, so no matter how many projects you have, the platform is always fast and comfortable to work with.

SE Ranking tools and features

1) Keyword Rank Tracker keeps track of your keyword search ranking in Google, Bing, and Yahoo for any location, language, and device. Plus, you can track Google rankings on mobile and desktop devices, as well as check which SERP features are present for the keywords you’re tracking.

2) Competitor Research tool for SEO and PPC helps you analyze competitor keyword strategies for both paid and organic search, and their Google Ads history.

3) Website Audit checks all your pages and subdomains against tech parameters that are crucial for SEO. For every found error, the tool suggests its level of urgency and how it can be fixed.

4) Backlink Checker helps you sort out your link-building priorities and examine the backlink strategies of your competitors.

About SE Ranking.

The main goal of our company is to make SEO accessible to everyone, regardless of their level of expertise. For example, if you are new to search optimization, SE Ranking will help you get started off on the right foot and with ease. And if you are a seasoned expert, you won’t have to go through that annoying process of getting used to the new interface and going through a learning curve – our tools are ridiculously simple and intuitive. If you’re serious about making your business visible online and are ready to give it your all to bring more organic traffic to your site – SE Ranking is ready to become your faithful helper. Our support team is already eager to walk you through the onboarding process, and support you every step of your journey. But if you want to take things at your own pace, we have plenty of help videos and articles that will help you figure out all the nooks and crannies of SE Ranking.

Microsite

What is a microsite?

A microsite is a small-scale website that businesses can use to promote an individual product, sub-brand, campaign, event, or competition. They can be made up of a single web page or a small cluster of pages.Microsites are hosted separately from a brand’s main website. They usually have their own unique domain names, but they can be hosted on a subdomain too. These simple sites don’t include ‘About us’ pages or information about brand values. They don’t usually have eCommerce functionality either. Instead, they feature informative, fun, or interactive content that aims to engage visitors.

Benefits

Microsites can help brands achieve a multitude of marketing goals. Whether they want to supercharge a product launch, generate leads, or target audience segments with specific content, microsites can help. Whether you want to build top-of-mind awareness for a new product or highlight a brand partnership, microsites can keep visitors focused on the information you want them to see. They won’t get distracted by an unrelated page or click on the wrong button. Instead, microsites allow brands to manage and monitor the consumer journey.

Because microsites concentrate on one particular product, brand, target market or promotional campaign, the analytics gathered are highly accurate and informative. Analyzing data from your main brand website will generally provide less conclusive results. This means microsites can be optimized for maximum impact. But a microsite is also the perfect medium for testing out new content. Brands can then use this data to make informed business decisions.

Disadvantages of a microsite

When implemented for the right reasons, a microsite benefits your brand in countless ways. But there are some downsides too.

It requires a lot of investment

Building a website from scratch requires significant time and money. You’ll need the help of designers, developers, and copywriters. Then there are ongoing costs like domain registration and site maintenance. While a microsite won’t require complex coding, it will cost more than adding pages to an existing brand website.

They’re only temporary

Once your event, campaign, or competition ends, the microsite you created is no longer useful. So you need to consider if it’s worth the investment.

Efforts

In the past, many microsites enjoyed SEO success. Brands dominated search results with multiple domains and used backlinks to boost their main site. But Google has adopted it. Today, microsites don’t often generate huge amounts of organic traffic. They may even compete with your main website for keywords and backlinks – especially if you duplicate content. That’s why modern microsite campaigns are often launched alongside paid advertising campaigns.

Use a microsite

We’ve already touched on lots of situations where microsites can prove useful. But here is an overview of what to consider before deciding to create one.

Is your content long-term or temporary

Microsites are ideal for one-off events, temporary advertising campaigns, and seasonal product promotions. Any content that doesn’t need to be on your brand’s main website year-round could be a contender.

Running an ad campaign alongside 

Microsites work particularly well as landing pages for PPC ads. That’s because brands can send prospects to a microsite related to the ad viewed. By providing relevant content and clear navigation, brands can keep visitors’ attention and nudge them to take action.

 Building awareness for a specific initiative

If you want to direct attention to a specific product, sub-brand, influencer collaboration, brand partnership, event, or any other company initiative, building a microsite might be the right choice.

Targeting a specific audience segment

If you’re creating content for a subset of your target audience, hosting this content on its own website is advisable. This will give your brand the freedom to create distinctive content that will appeal to this audience segment – without alienating other key demographics.

Is your content experimental

If you’re trying out something new, creating a microsite will allow you to accurately track the results without running the risk of ruining your main website’s user experience.

Create a microsite

The process of creating a microsite will vary depending on your brand’s goals and needs. But here are some general steps to follow.

Set out your objectives

Be clear about why you’re building a microsite and who it’s for. What do you want to achieve? Is a microsite the right solution? Have you created a buyer persona yet?

Choose a domain name

Be sure to buy a domain name that will appeal to your target audience. Will it stand out and be memorable enough for visitors to find again? Is it short enough to use offline?

Craft the content

Content is key when it comes to building a successful microsite. You need to connect with your target persona, while also considering how the keywords used could impact your brand’s main website. It may make sense to prioritize a niche keyword that won’t compete with your parent website.

Design your microsite

Your microsite should have a simple design that directs users toward a single CTA. But you can also get creative with color and visuals because you aren’t restricted by the branding of your parent brand’s website.

Connect your analytics and marketing tools

Because microsites provide in-depth insights into content performance and visitor behavior, hooking up your analytics tools of choice is essential. Integrating an A/B testing solution is a good idea too.

Peer-to-peer network

In the simplest terms, a peer-to-peer network is a network created whenever two or more devices (usually a computer) are connected and share the resources. But what creates the main difference here is that a peer-to-peer network, unlike the conventional network systems, forms an ecosystem where the computers are connected through a single server computer. It can also be seen as a network where multiple computer systems are connected through a single server that enables the transfer of files from one end to the other.  Moreover, a peer-to-peer network also serves the role of a permanent infrastructure that can connect more than a dozen computers in a small region amidst the conventional offline environment. In addition to this, if you want to learn more about peer-to-peer networks and how they can be beneficial in the field of blockchain, you can go for a blockchain certification course from any certified platform. 

While these networks have now become a very common thing, there are many other benefits to using a peer-to-peer network that gives it an edge over the others. Here are a few reasons why –

1) It is extremely tough to bring them down. Even if one of the sections is about to shut down, other pairs continue to operate and communicate, which ensures that the network does not stop working even if a single unit is not able to perform its functions. 

2) These networks are highly scalable because adding new peers is an extremely easy and quick process as you don’t have to perform any central configuration on the server.

3) P2P networks are best when it comes to filing sharing. Due to the fact that it is so quick in its processing, it becomes extremely easy to have the same file stored on multiple peers. It ensures that every time someone needs to download a particular file, the downloading process from multiple locations can take place simultaneously without any hassle. 

Peer-to-peer network

 Architecture is a kind of network where there is absolutely no division of activities among various other sections. Every node performs the same task and set of actions where each device serves the purpose of both the server and the client. Response of network architecture established over the computer networking ecosystem under this model is such that each and every workstation is responsible for equal tasks but fewer devices are connected to the main server. The peer-to-peer network architecture is most suitable for residential areas and small-scale businesses in smaller regions. This is because in such networks every device plays an independent role as a workstation as it has the access to save the entire set of data in its own database

To state in layman’s language, the general peer-to-peer architecture is designed keeping in mind the functionalities of a single software program. In this way, every program is responsible to perform its task while fulfilling the role of both client and server carrying similar responsibilities and abilities. Moreover, if you wonder about basics, you can also get multiple content pieces to help you throughout the process.

 

Further, peer-to-peer networks can be classified into two major categories based on how the sections in the network are linked to each other. Here are the two major types –

Unstructured networks: An unstructured peer-to-peer network is one where the links in the network are established randomly. Such networks are easy to construct as any new peer that would like to join and contribute to the network can do so by copying the existing links of another section and then forming and spreading its own links. 

However, it is equally important to know that the queries may not always get a resolution in unstructured networks so there can be hassles. For instance, a popular piece of content may be available to certain peers but if any other is looking for content that is rarely available, then the user may not be able to search for it.

Structured networks: Unlike unstructured networks, the structured ones allow each peer to look after a specific section of the content over the network. These networks assign a specific value to each content and peer in the network which is then followed by a common protocol that determines which section is responsible for which part of the content. In this way, whenever someone reaches out to a peer to search for content, the network uses the common protocol to determine the section responsible for data transfer and direct the search query towards the peer responsible for it.

Uses of P2P network 

Peer-to-peer technology has undeniably paved the way for several other technologies that integrate with its architecture to provide greater and better services to the users. Apart from blockchain, which you can learn in any top-rated blockchain classes, there are various other applications of peer-to-peer networks.

However, there are few areas where P2P networks find quite different applications. Let us take you through some of the most common applications where peer-to-peer networks are predominantly used. 

Peer-to-peer and copyright infringement

The first and most obvious application of a P2P network is associated with copyright infringement. As these file-sharing networks use the devices from both the end of the client and the server, it becomes one of the most commonly used platforms for sharing electronic media, mostly for pirated content. In addition to this, these networks also find their application in distributing malicious software such as spyware and viruses. It means that by installing any peer-to-peer file-sharing software on a device, anyone can access the files among millions of other users, irrespective of whether the person is doing it intentionally or not. However, with such networks, people who lawfully buy the content online may also get in trouble. So, it is always advisable to take the necessary precautions.

 File Sharing

File sharing is another significant application of peer-to-peer networking that takes place through file-sharing technology. As the name itself implies, it allows the users to access and transfer various kinds of multimedia files such as videos, images, music, etc. So, basically, you can use a file-sharing network across various devices to transfer any kind of file you want. 

Blockchain 

As a technology, a P2P network is based on the concept of decentralization. The foundational architecture of blockchain technology similarly enables a user to transfer cryptocurrency across the globe without needing any middleman or intermediary. With such a decentralized distribution, it becomes easier for any individual to become a part of this process of verification.

When a peer-to-peer network is enabled on a blockchain, the network helps in the maintenance of a complete replica of the records ensuring the accuracy of data. On the other hand, it also offers greater security as compared to conventional client-server systems. Therefore, a peer-to-peer network works phenomenally when used with blockchain technology. If you wish to learn more about the foundational concepts of blockchain, make sure to pick up the best blockchain training platform for it. 

Content Delivery Acceleration 

If there is one network service that can significantly help in reducing delivery costs, it has to be a P2P content delivery network. The technical functionalities of a peer-to-peer network can potentially integrate with any content delivery system and offer a wide range of service capabilities. One of the most famous examples of such a content delivery network is Alibaba Cloud’s peer-to-peer content delivery network that is based on the same technology where these two worked as components that can effectively manage content delivery even during significantly high traffic.